Customising Struts2 JSP tags using FreeMarker－MISTECH 技術手抄本

Struts 2 Customize Theme & Freemarker Template 客制佈景與模板說明了Struts2 的 tags 是可以自行客制成自已想要的佈景，現在來說明如何使用 FreeMarker 來制作 Struts2 屬於自已建作的 tag libs.

工具:

eclipse : Version: Mars Release (4.5.0) Build id: 20150621-1200

pom.xml:

struts2-core: 2.5.8

struts-annotations: 1.0.5 (不可以用 1.0.6 會出現 tlibVersion Missing 的錯誤)

commons-logging: 1.2

jsp-api : 2.2

javax.servlet-api : 4.0.1

Step 01: 建立一個空的 maven project

tag_01

tag_02

Step 02: 建立客制的 class: HtmlTag.java 在 package com.easyui.struts2.views.jsp.ui 下

package com.easyui.struts2.views.jsp.ui;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.components.Component;
import org.apache.struts2.views.jsp.ui.AbstractClosingTag;

import com.easyui.struts2.components.Html;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;

public class HtmlTag extends AbstractClosingTag {

   @Override
   public Component getBean(ValueStack stack, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) {

       return new Html(stack, req, res);
   }

}

Step 03 : 建立客制的 class: Html.java 在 package com.easyui.struts2.components , 此檔主要是要產生 .tld 的標籤描述檔, 以及告訴 freemarker 要讀取那一個 ftl , 此範例是要有 html.ftl 與 html-close.ftl 這兩個檔案.

package com.easyui.struts2.components;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.components.ClosingUIBean;
import org.apache.struts2.views.annotations.StrutsTag;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;

@StrutsTag(
        name="html",
        tldTagClass="com.easyui.struts2.views.jsp.ui.HtmlTag",
        description="建立一個空的 HTML 結構",
        allowDynamicAttributes=true)
public class Html extends ClosingUIBean {

   public Html(ValueStack stack, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
       super(stack, request, response);

   }

   @Override
   public String getDefaultOpenTemplate() {
       return "html";
   }

   @Override
   protected String getDefaultTemplate() {
       return "html-close";
   }

}

註:

1. 在 pom.xml 中需加入 struts-annotations: 1.0.5 才可以使用 annotations 描述

2. @StrutsTag: annotation for marking a Struts tag
3. @StrutsTagAttribute: annotation for marking an attribute of a Struts tag

Step 04: 建立此 tags (標籤) 的 templates & theme

1. 建立 package: template.easyui 並撰寫 html.ftl 與 html-close.ftl

2. 建立空的 package: template.easyui.html 用來存放 Tobago plugin 自動產生的相關樣版檔案

html.ftl 檔

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>${parameters.title}</title>
</head>
<body>

html-close.ftl 檔

</body>
</html>

Step 05: 用 Tobago plugin 建立 TLD file 及使用 Maven 產生這個 taglib 的 jar 檔

請看附註二

Step 06: 佈署 (Deploy taglib in your Web application) , 將這個 taglib 的 jar 檔放在 WEB-INF/lib 下

記得要在 struts.xml 裡加入 <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="easyui"/> , 這樣才會去讀取 JAR 檔 template.easyui 裡的 ftl 檔案

Step 07: JSP 裡使用客製的 tag libs

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="i" uri="/esayui-tags" %>

<i:html title="Basic Layout - jQuery EasyUI Demo">

hi easyui-tags

   <s:form action="Login">
        <s:textfield key="username"/>
        <s:password key="password" />
        <s:submit/>
   </s:form>

</i:html>

附註:

一、 Struts2 taglibs Introduction

Few words about the elements of the Struts2 UI component framework should help to understand better the scenario.

JSP Tag: implementation of the JSP tag (e.g TextFieldTag). Notice Struts2 has also Velocity and FreeMarker tags

UI Component: actual implementation of the behavior of the component (e.g TextField)

Template: FreeMarker template which renders the html markup (e.g. <input type=”text”….)

Theme: collection of templates (e.g. simple or ajax)

二、整個專案結構如下

tag_03

註:

1. 在 pom.xml 中需加入 tobago 描述, 才會自動產生目錄: src/main/resources/META-INF 的 easyui-tags.tld 描述檔及 package: template.easyui.html 裡的 html.html

2. 目前的編譯器 complier 需用 JDK 1.7.x 版才會成功, JDK1.8.x 會無法產生 easyui-tags.tld 描述檔及相關的樣版檔

tag_04

3. Tobago plugin 在 pom.xml 的設定如下:

<plugin>
   <groupId>org.apache.myfaces.tobago</groupId>
   <artifactId>maven-apt-plugin</artifactId>
   <configuration>
       <A>
                   uri=/esayui-tags,tlibVersion=${project.version},jspVersion=2.0,shortName=easyui,displayName="EasyUI Tags",
                   outFile=${basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/${project.artifactId}.tld,
                   description="EasyUI Tags",
                   outTemplatesDir=${basedir}/src/main/java/template/easyui/html
       </A>
       <resourceTargetPath>target</resourceTargetPath>
       <fork>false</fork>
       <force>true</force>
       <nocompile>true</nocompile>
       <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
       <factory>
           org.apache.struts.annotations.taglib.apt.TLDAnnotationProcessorFactory
       </factory>
       <target>1.5</target>
       <includes>
           <include>**/*.java</include>
       </includes>
   </configuration>
   <executions>
       <execution>
           <phase>compile</phase>
           <goals>
               <goal>execute</goal>
           </goals>
       </execution>
   </executions>
</plugin>

三、完整的 pom.xml 檔

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.gu.apps</groupId>
<artifactId>easyui-tags</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>easyui-tags</name>
<dependencies>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
       <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
       <version>2.3.24.1</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
       <artifactId>struts-annotations</artifactId>
       <version>1.0.5</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
       <version>1.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
       <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.1</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>3.1.0</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<build>
   <plugins>
       <plugin>
           <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
           <version>3.1</version>
           <configuration>
               <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
               <source>1.5</source>
               <target>1.5</target>
           </configuration>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
           <groupId>org.apache.myfaces.tobago</groupId>
           <artifactId>maven-apt-plugin</artifactId>
           <configuration>
               <A>
                       uri=/esayui-tags,tlibVersion=${project.version},jspVersion=2.0,shortName=easyui,displayName="EasyUI Tags",
                       outFile=${basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/${project.artifactId}.tld,
                       description="EasyUI Tags",
                       outTemplatesDir=${basedir}/src/main/java/template/easyui/html
               </A>
               <resourceTargetPath>target</resourceTargetPath>
               <fork>false</fork>
               <force>true</force>
               <nocompile>true</nocompile>
               <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
               <factory>
                   org.apache.struts.annotations.taglib.apt.TLDAnnotationProcessorFactory
               </factory>
               <target>1.5</target>
               <includes>
                   <include>**/*.java</include>
               </includes>
           </configuration>
           <executions>
               <execution>
                   <phase>compile</phase>
                   <goals>
                       <goal>execute</goal>
                   </goals>
               </execution>
           </executions>
       </plugin>
   </plugins>
    <resources>
          <resource>
              <directory>src/main/java</directory>
           <excludes>
               <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
           </excludes>
          </resource>
          <resource>
              <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
          </resource>
       </resources>
   <finalName>easyui-tags</finalName>
   <defaultGoal>install</defaultGoal>
</build>
</project>

參考:

https://bodez.wordpress.com/2009/03/13/customising-struts2-jsp-tags/

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