Spring Data JPA 整合篇 @ MISTECH 技術手抄本

看完 Spring Data JPA 基本篇與 Spring Data JPA 進階篇之後，再來看一下 Spring Data JPA 框架，它主要針對的就是 Spring 唯一沒有簡化到的業務邏輯代碼。接下來我們針對前面的例子進行改造，讓 Spring Data JPA 來幫助我們完成業務邏輯。在著手寫代碼之前，開發者需要先下載Spring Data JPA 的發佈包（需要同時下載 Spring Data Commons 和 Spring Data JPA 兩個發佈包，Commons 是 Spring Data 的公共基礎包），並把相關的依賴 JAR 檔加入到 CLASSPATH 中。

Step 01: DAO Interface: PersonSpringDataJPADao.java

package com.mis.demos.dao;

import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;

import com.mis.demos.model.Person;
public interface PersonSpringDataJPADao extends Repository<Person, Integer> {

public Person save(Person person);

}

expends Repository 時，需要宣告 public Person save(Person person); 作為儲存的方法。expends CrudRepository 或 JpaRepository 時，則不需宣告，如下：

package com.mis.demos.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.mis.demos.model.Person;
@Repository("PersonSpringDataJPADao")
public interface PersonSpringDataJPADao extends JpaRepository<Person, Integer> {

}

不要懷疑，就只是宣告一個 Interface 而已，而且是空的；至於加入 @Repository("PersonSpringDataJPADao") 只是讓 Control 層也能直接引用。

Step 02: Service: PersonSpringDataJPAService.java

package com.mis.demos.services;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonSpringDataJPADao;
import com.mis.demos.model.Person;

@Service("PersonSpringDataJPAService")
public class PersonSpringDataJPAService {

   @Autowired
   PersonSpringDataJPADao personSpringDataJPADao;

   public Person saveAccount(Person person){
       return personSpringDataJPADao.save(person);
   }
   public Person findPersonById(Integer id){
       return personSpringDataJPADao.findOne(id);
   }
}

Step 03: spring-demo-cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

   
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.mis" />

   <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
   <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
       <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
   </bean>
   <bean id="entityManagerFactory"   class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
   </bean>

   
   <jpa:repositories base-package="com.mis.demos.dao"/>

</beans>

Step 04: 新增測試

package com.mis.demos;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonDao;
import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonSpringDataDao;
import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonSpringDataJPADao;
import com.mis.demos.model.Person;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonPU;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonService;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonSpringDataJPAService;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonSpringDataService;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonSpringDataServiceImpl;
public class SimpleSpringJpaDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       doSpringDataJPASave();

   }

   public static void doSpringDataJPASave(){
       Person person = new Person();
       Person who = new Person();
       List<Person> allPerson= new ArrayList<Person>();

       //person.setId(1);
       person.setFirstName("polin-99-3");
       person.setLastName("wei-99-2");
       ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-demo-cfg.xml");
        // 透過 Service
       PersonSpringDataJPAService personSpringDataJPAService = ctx.getBean("PersonSpringDataJPAService",PersonSpringDataJPAService.class);
       personSpringDataJPAService.saveAccount(person);
       who = personSpringDataJPAService.findPersonById(person.getId());
       System.out.println(who.getFirstName());
        //直接呼叫 DAO
       PersonSpringDataJPADao personSpringDataJPADao = ctx.getBean("PersonSpringDataJPADao",PersonSpringDataJPADao.class);
       //personSpringDataJPADao.delete(who.getId());
       allPerson = personSpringDataJPADao.findAll();
       for (Person person2 : allPerson) {
           System.out.println(person2.getId());
       }
       ctx.close();
   }

}

真的可以寫入耶，真是太棒了.

Step 05: 在 DAO: PersonSpringDataJPADao.java，使用 @Query 提供自訂查詢語句示例

package com.mis.demos.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.mis.demos.model.Person;
@Repository("PersonSpringDataJPADao")
public interface PersonSpringDataJPADao extends JpaRepository<Person, Integer> {

   //使用 @Query 提供自訂查詢語句示例
   @Query("select p from Person p where p.firstName = ?1")
   public List<Person> findByFirstName(String FirstName);
}

Step 06: 查詢測試

package com.mis.demos;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonDao;
import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonSpringDataDao;
import com.mis.demos.dao.PersonSpringDataJPADao;
import com.mis.demos.model.Person;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonPU;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonService;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonSpringDataJPAService;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonSpringDataService;
import com.mis.demos.services.PersonSpringDataServiceImpl;
public class SimpleSpringJpaDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       doSpringDataJPASave();

   }


   public static void doSpringDataJPASave(){
       Person person = new Person();
       Person who = new Person();
       List<Person> allPerson= new ArrayList<Person>();

       //person.setId(1);
       person.setFirstName("polin-99-3");
       person.setLastName("wei-99-2");
       ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-demo-cfg.xml");
       PersonSpringDataJPAService personSpringDataJPAService = ctx.getBean("PersonSpringDataJPAService",PersonSpringDataJPAService.class);
       personSpringDataJPAService.saveAccount(person);
       who = personSpringDataJPAService.findPersonById(person.getId());
       System.out.println(who.getFirstName());
       PersonSpringDataJPADao personSpringDataJPADao = ctx.getBean("PersonSpringDataJPADao",PersonSpringDataJPADao.class);
       //personSpringDataJPADao.delete(who.getId());
       allPerson = personSpringDataJPADao.findAll();
       for (Person person2 : allPerson) {
           System.out.println(person2.getId());
       }
       allPerson = personSpringDataJPADao.findByFirstName("polin-99-3");
       for (Person person2 : allPerson) {
           System.out.println(person2.getId());
       }
       ctx.close();
   }

}

本文主要介紹了 Spring Data JPA 的使用，以及它與 Spring 框架的無縫集成。Spring Data JPA 其實並不依賴於 Spring 框架。

參考:

http://spring.io/blog/2011/02/10/getting-started-with-spring-data-jpa/

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